JAG MOHAN*, VIKAS TOMAR, SAHIL AND PRINCE
Department of Agriculture, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala-133 207
(Haryana), India
*(e-mail: jagmohan1610@gmail.com; Mobile: 96710 11312)
(Received: January 8, 2026; Accepted: March 19, 2023)
ABSTRACT
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important cereal crop contributing to global food security. Global
food security necessitates about 4% increase in grain yield in wheat annually. Bio stimulants offer great promise to increase plant growth, plant biomass, harvest index and hence grain yield. An experiment was conducted over two years using three genetically diverse three wheat varieties and three bio-stimulants; Azotobacter, hairamine and humic acid as well as their combinations to ascertain beneficial variety specific effects of bio-stimulants. Experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design. By Azotobacter grain yield improved to 43.27 q/ha which was about 23.34 q/ha higher than control plots (without fertilizers). Likewise, hairamine and humic acid exhibited 46.74 and 56.28 q/ha grain yield, respectively, which was 26.81 and 36.35 q/ha, respectively, higher than control. The combined treatment of hairamine+Azotobacter exhibited added response for increase in grain yield which was higher than Azotobacter alone (35.48%) as well as hairamine alone (33.31%). Similarly, combination of hairamine and humic acid figured much better than their individual treatment for increase in grain yield (30.95%), respectively. This may be because of combination of high organic carbon in hairamine and humic acid, high organic nitrogen and calcium in hairamine and phytohormone and bioactive compounds in humic acid. This increase in biomass and grain yield could be attributed to higher carbon sequestration particularly in variety DBW-222 showing highest biomass (123.07 q/ha), straw yield (68.11 q/ha) and grain yield (54.96 q/ha) due to cumulative effect of bio-stimulants on plant canopy, chlorophyll content, stability and duration of activity as well as size of stomatal aperture, higher CO2 capture and higher carbon accumulation in plant and soil.
Key words: Azatobacter, bio stimulants, hairamine, humic acid and wheat